LESSON –
POWER & ENERGY

 

 

LESSON NOTE

What is power?

 

Power is the amount of energy per unit time that is being consumed by a load.  Power is the product of voltage times current.

 

Power = Voltage x Current

P = V x I

 

What are the units of power?

 

Power is measured in Watts (W) or in Joules per second (J/s). 

How is 1 Watt the same as 1 Joule per second?

 

We can say that a Watt is Volt x Amp

 

            1 Watt = 1 Volt x 1 Amp

 

We also know the following:

 

            1 amp = 1 Coulomb / second

 

            1 volt = 1 Joule / Coulomb

 

By combining the three equalities above, we get

 

            1 Watt = 1 Volt x 1 Amp

 

            1 Watt = (1 Joule / Coulomb)  x  (1 Coulomb / second)

 

            1 Watt = 1 Joule / second

Therefore, a Watt is a measure of Joules in a second.

How do we calculate the total power in a circuit?

This is the good news.  Power is calculated the same way in both series and parallel circuits.  Very simply, you add the power consumption of each load together.

What is energy?

The capacity for doing work. Forms of energy include thermal, mechanical, electrical, and chemical. Energy may be transformed from one form into another.  Energy is measured in Joules.

What is electrical energy?

 

Power is electrical energy in a set amount of time.  We can also say that energy is equal to power times time.

 

E = P x t

 

Electrical energy can be measured in Joules but tends to be measured in KiloWatt-Hours.